DataSheet_1_Comparison of the salt resistance of Solanum lycopersicum x Solanum chilense hybrids and their parents.docx

IntroductionSoil salinization is a major global problem. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the main crops produced in the world and is cultivated in areas affected by salinity. However, it is considered as a glycophyte species and is sensitive to salt stress. Solanum chilense is a wild tomato native to the Atacama Desert and is therefore adapted to harsh environmental conditions, including salinity. It is considered as a promising source of genes for tomato improvement. However, the physiology of abiotic stress resistance remains largely unknown in S. chilense and no studies have investigated the resistance of S. lycopersicum x S. chilense interspecific hybrids and the potential value of their use in harsh environments.MethodsIn this study, we compared the salt (0 vs. 100 mM NaCl) resistance of S. lycopersicum, S. chilense and their hybrids at vegetative and reproductive stages.ResultsOverall, hybrids showed an intermediate behavior between their parents and a higher salt resistance than S. lycopersicum. Their physiological behavior toward salt stress was sometimes closed to S. lycopersicum and sometimes closed to S. chilense. Their sodium accumulation was intermediate between parents, with a sodium concentration closer to S. lycopersicum than S. chilense in roots, but with an aerial concentration closer to S. chilense than to S. lycopersicum. In inflorescences and fruits, the sodium concentration of hybrids was closer to S. lycopersicum than to S. chilense. Despite a decrease in instantaneous transpiration, the photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency of hybrids was not decreased by salt stress: our results suggest a greater tolerance to the osmotic phase of salt stress in hybrids compared to the parents. Regarding the reproductive stage, inflorescence production and fruit quality were not affected by salt in hybrids.DiscussionThis study highlights the potential use of hybrids in improving tomato for salt stress resistance.

引言土壤盐渍化是全球面临的一项重大挑战。番茄（学名：Solanum lycopersicum）是全球主要栽培作物之一，其在受盐渍影响的地区种植。然而，番茄被视为一种喜水植物，对盐胁迫敏感。智利番茄（学名：Solanum chilense）是一种原产于阿塔卡马沙漠的野生番茄，因此适应了严酷的生态环境，包括盐渍化。它被认为是改善番茄品种的基因资源的潜在来源。然而，智利番茄对非生物胁迫的生理抵抗机制仍鲜为人知，且尚未有研究探讨番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）与智利番茄（Solanum chilense）的种间杂交品种的抵抗力和其在恶劣环境中的潜在应用价值。
方法在本研究中，我们比较了番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）、智利番茄（Solanum chilense）及其杂交种在营养生长和生殖阶段的耐盐性。
结果总体而言，杂交种在耐盐性上表现出介于亲本之间的行为，且其耐盐性高于番茄。它们对盐胁迫的生理反应有时接近番茄，有时接近智利番茄。它们的钠积累量介于亲本之间，在根部，钠浓度更接近番茄，而在地上部分，钠浓度则更接近智利番茄。在花序和果实中，杂交种的钠浓度更接近番茄而非智利番茄。尽管瞬时蒸腾速率有所下降，但杂交种的盐胁迫下光合氮素利用效率并未降低：我们的结果表明，与亲本相比，杂交种对盐胁迫的渗透相具有更高的耐受性。至于生殖阶段，杂交种的花序生产力和果实品质未受盐分影响。
讨论本研究突出了杂交种在提高番茄耐盐性方面的潜在应用价值。