Diversity of Fecal Microbiome and Resistome of Food-producing Animals and Humans in Brazil

Brazil is the fifth-largest country by area (3.2 million square miles) and represents 47% of the South American continent. It is also the sixth most populous country (210 million inhabitants), the first world's largest exporter of beef (2,314 million tonnes), poultry (3,811 million tonnes), and fourth-largest exporter of pork meat (861,000 tonnes), according to 2019 report(23), with Asian countries being the main importers (24). As part of a one-health based surveillance study, we characterized the fecal metagenomes of food-producing animals (swine, cattle, and poultry) and humans collected around the same timeframe from all five Brazilian geographic regions as well as the resistome encountered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of this kind performed in South America.