Downregulation of sus-NR5A2_0004 Contribute to the Apoptosis of Spermatogonia and Sertoli Cells in PRRSV-Infected Testes Through the ssc-miR-34c/RAD54L Axis

This study aimed to investigate the impact of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) infection on the male reproductive system, specifically the testes, using a transcriptomic approach. The researchers conducted whole transcriptome sequencing to identify differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the testes of PRRSV-infected piglets compared to uninfected controls. By constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and analyzing the functional enrichment of differentially expressed RNAs, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for PRRSV-induced testicular damage.The study's main focus was to validate and explore the regulatory role of the sus-NR5A2_0004/ssc-miR-34c/RAD54L axis in PRRSV-induced testicular cell apoptosis and damage. To achieve this, the researchers established an ex vivo cultured porcine testicular tissue model, enabling us to manipulate the expression levels of sus-NR5A2_0004, ssc-miR-34c, and RAD54L, and observe their effects on tissue damage, apoptosis, and other physiological parameters.Notably, the study had significant relevance for the swine industry. PRRSV infection can persistently replicate in the male reproductive tissues, impairing semen quality and the breeding value of infected boars, leading to substantial economic losses. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic targets, such as sus-NR5A2_0004 and ssc-miR-34c, this research holds promise for developing effective interventions to mitigate the detrimental effects of PRRSV on male fertility and reproductive performance in boars. This, in turn, can help maintain optimal reproductive performance and ensure biosecurity in swine operations.