Concentration (mM ± SD) of metabolites detected in TeSR-1 media before and after conditioning with HFFs for 24 h (CM) using 1H NMR.

1D-NOESY spectra (one run per sample) were acquired using a Bruker Avance II 600 spectrometer equipped with a TCI cryoprobe. Concentration values were determined by referencing to the internal standard, TSP. The concentration of some metabolites was overestimated due to co-resonant peaks (*) or baseline distortion due to the close proximity of the water signal (**). Changes in concentration following conditioning are indicated by directional arrows (↑↓).Abbreviations: s-singlet; d-doublet; dd-double doublet, t-triplet; q-quartet; m-multiplet. Chemical shifts referenced to TSP at 0.00 ppm. Values reported as mean values (n = 5) ± standard deviation (SD).