Quantitative RT-PCR confirms changes in gene expression.

a. The ΔCT value is determined by subtracting the average Actin CT value from the average Gene CT value. The standard deviation of the difference is calculated from the standard deviations of the gene and actin values using the Comparative Method.
b. The calculation of ΔΔCT involves subtraction by the ΔCT calibrator value. This is subtraction of an arbitrary constant, so the standard deviation of ΔΔCT is the same as the standard deviation of the ΔCT value.
c. The range given for gene relative to WT/MM is determined by evaluating the expression: 2∧ –ΔΔCT with ΔΔCT + s and ΔΔCT – s, where s  =  the standard deviation of the ΔΔCT value.