Dataset of original research titled "Risk factors of post-banding ulcer hemorrhage after endoscopic variceal ligation in cirrhotic patients: A retrospective single-center study"

Background/Objectives: Endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVBL) represents the standard of care for both the prevention and management of esophageal variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Although generally regarded as a safe and ef-fective intervention, EVBL can occasionally lead to post-ligation ulcer bleeding a rare but potentially life-threatening complication. This study aimed to identify clinical and procedural risk factors associated with the occurrence of post-banding ulcer hemor-rhage following EVBL in cirrhotic patients. Methods: We conducted a single-center transversal retrospective study including all cirrhotic patients who underwent endo-scopic band ligation in the Department of Gastroenterology at Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital between January 2019 and December 2022. Results: A total of 211 endoscopic band ligation procedures were performed in 74 patients. The mean age was 60.7 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.36. The main indication for EVBL was secondary prophylaxis (61.6%). The incidence of post-banding ulcer bleeding was 9.47%, occur-ring after a mean interval of 11 ± 2.7 days. Univariate analysis identified spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (p = 0.01), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score ≥ 13 (p = 0.01), portal vein thrombosis (p = 0.01), grade III esophageal varices (p < 0.01), and gastric varices (p = 0.042) as significant predictors of post-banding ulcer bleeding. Conversely, Child-Pugh stage A (p = 0.017, OR = 0.25, 95% CI [0.08–0.77]) and grade II esophageal varices (p = 0.01, OR = 0.21, 95% CI [0.08–0.58]) were associated with a sig-nificantly reduced risk. In multivariate analysis, portal vein thrombosis and the pres-ence of gastric varices emerged as independent predictive factors. The mortality rate associated with post-banding ulcer bleeding was 20%. Conclusions: The present study identified portal vein thrombosis and the presence of gastric varices as independent risk factors for band-induced ulcer bleeding following EVBL.