Determinants of successful AAV delivery of HIV-1 bNAbs in early life

A single AAV vector dose delivering broadly neutralizing antibody 3BNC117 at birth provided over 3 years of protection against HIV-like infection in infant rhesus macaques. Neonatal administration was most effective due to immune tolerance, which reduced anti-drug antibodies and enabled sustained bNAb expression. This approach offers a promising one-time gene therapy strategy to prevent perinatal and adolescent HIV-1 infections. A total of 65 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of Indian origin were utilized in this study Overall design: Newborn infant and juvenile rhesus macaques were divided into nine groups in total and treated with different AAV vectors delivering HIV-1 broadly neutralizing agents at different timepoints and blood plasma was collected to perform RNA-sequencing.