Exome-capture pyrethroid resistance polymorphisms among genetically related mosquitoes

Control of Ae. aegypti is challenging; this has been exacerbated by the rapid rise of knockdown resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Widespread, heavy use of pyrethroid space sprays, due to their strong human safety profile, has created immense selection pressure for resistance. In this study, F26 Vergel-selected, F26 Vergel-unselected colony strains were used; these populations were derived from the same field collection, collected from Vergel, Yucatan State in Southern Mexico in 2011 by Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. The Vergel-unselected collection has subsequently been reared in the laboratory and permethrin resistance was allowed to wane. A portion of the original Vergel collection was used to generate a permethrin-resistant population; every third generation, the mosquitoes were exposed to 16 ug permethrin [range 10-25 ug]; only those mosquitoes that remained active after permethrin treatment were allowed to generate eggs for the subsequent generation. PCR-free gDNA libraries were prepared from pools of 25 mosquitoes; Illumina NovaSeq paired end reads were trimmed using cudadapt.