Research data from “From Natural Erosion to Artificial Filling to Secondary Gullying: A 56-Year Documentation of Landfill Failure on the Loess Plateau”

<b>1. DSM for 2017, 2018, and 2023</b> Contains Digital Surface Model data from three periods obtained through drone photogrammetry. Used for monitoring the spatiotemporal evolution of landfill surface morphology, calculating elevation changes (DoD), erosion and deposition volumes, and extracting topographic profile data.<b>2. Field Survey Photographs</b> Contains field survey photographs from 2017 to 2023, documenting:· Landfill engineering implementation process (June 2017)· Early rill erosion characteristics (July 2018)· Drainage system siltation conditions (July 2018)· Morphological characteristics of newly formed gullies (March 2023)· Degree of drainage facility damage and threats to surrounding infrastructure<b>3. InSAR Annual Deformation and Error-Related Files</b> Contains SBAS-InSAR time series analysis results based on Sentinel-1A data:· Spatial distribution of annual displacement rates· Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) distribution· Interferometric coherence distribution· Cumulative deformation time series from 2018-2024· Multi-profile deformation data in subsidence funnel zones<b>4. InSAR_NDWI_Moisture_Subsidence_Coupling</b> Contains data analyzing the coupling relationship between surface deformation and moisture dynamics:· Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) time series based on Sentinel-2· Annual NDWI change trends· NDWI change trends during rainy seasons· Correlation analysis results between displacement rates and NDWI trends· Deformation-moisture coupling characteristics along 5 profile lines<b>5. Maximum Flow Depth and Velocity Calculated by HEC-RAS</b> Contains flood simulation results based on HEC-RAS 6.0 two-dimensional hydrodynamic model:· Maximum runoff depth distribution for extreme rainfall events in 2018 and 2023· Maximum flow velocity distribution (up to 2.63 m/s)· Flow velocity frequency distribution in four typical analysis areas· Flow velocity statistical parameters (minimum, quartiles, median, maximum)<b>6. Profile Lines and Concentrated Runoff Erosion Points</b> Contains:· Location and elevation data for six typical profile lines (A-A' to F-F')· Topographic evolution curves along profiles for 3 periods (2017, 2018, 2023)· Boundaries of Runoff Damage Areas (RDA) and Hidden Runoff Damage Areas (HRDA)· Precise location markers for road erosion points<b>7. Vector Distance Files for Study Area and HEC-RAS Simulation</b> Contains:· Vector boundary files for the study area extent· Vector data of gully head boundary evolution for 8 key periods from 1969-2025· HEC-RAS model computational grid and boundary condition setup files· Spatial distribution of land use types and Manning's roughness coefficients<br>