Baseline characteristics of febrile adults in cohort 1 (2007–2008) and cohort 2 (2011–2012) admitted to Mawenzi Regional Hospital (MRH) and Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC).

Significant results are marked in bold.* Denominators less than 402 (cohort 1) and 193 (cohort 2) represent missing values.†Questions on rigors, headache, stiff neck, hemoptysis, and jaundice were added mid-way through the study period.‡Significance tests for comparisons between Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 determined by Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and Pearson's chi-square test for categorical variables.§HIV testing was not routinely performed on patients in Cohort 2.¶Among those with previous HIV+ test.MRH: Mawenzi Regional Hospital; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; SXT: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.