Global carbon flux dataset (2000-2024)

GloFlux is a global carbon flux dataset that provides monthly estimates of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE), and Ecosystem Respiration (RECO) at a spatial resolution of 0.1° × 0.1° from 2000 to 2024. It is generated by integrating in situ flux measurements from FLUXNET, AmeriFlux, ICOS, JapanFlux2024, and HBRFlux with satellite remote sensing and meteorological data through a machine learning framework. Independent validation shows strong agreement with flux tower observations, with correlation coefficients of 0.84 for GPP, 0.66 for NEE, and 0.80 for RECO. The spatiotemporal patterns of GloFlux are consistent with benchmark datasets such as FLUXCOM and MODIS, underscoring its robustness and reliability. GloFlux serves as a valuable resource for monitoring global vegetation dynamics and advancing the understanding of ecosystem carbon responses to climate change.