The National Study of Learning Mindsets, [United States], 2015-2016

The National Study of Learning Mindsets (NSLM), also known as Students' Perspectives about the Transition to High School (PATHS), is a longitudinal research study and program evaluation administered by the University of Texas. The purpose of NSLM is to determine if introducing students to a positive growth mindset as they transition to high school will help improve students' academic success during high school and beyond. A growth mindset was defined as a belief amongst students that intelligence can grow and develop, learning is purposeful, hard work can lead to gained skills and accomplished goals, and that these beliefs can maintain motivation in the face of obstacles. The sample consisted of more than 16,000 9th grade students across 74 high schools in 27 states. Number of courses taken, course level, and GPA before and after high school were measured within English, math, social studies, and science. Numerous demographic variables were collected for students, teachers, and schools. Student demographics included gender, race, and age. Teacher demographics consisted of race, teaching methods, and educational background. School characteristics such as location, course offerings, and students' average test scores were assessed.

《国家学习心态研究》（NSLM），亦称《学生关于高中过渡期看法研究》（PATHS），是一项由德克萨斯大学主持进行的纵向研究及项目评估。该研究的宗旨在于探究向学生引入积极成长心态，在过渡至高中阶段时，是否有助于提升学生在高中乃至更广阔领域内的学术成就。所谓成长心态，是指学生坚信智力可以不断增长与发展的信念，认为学习具有目的性，勤奋努力能够促成技能的获得与目标的实现，并相信这些信念能够在面对挑战时维持动机。研究样本包括来自27个州的74所高中的超过16,000名九年级学生。研究测量了学生在高中前后所修课程数量、课程难度以及GPA，涉及英语、数学、社会科学和科学等学科。同时收集了关于学生、教师及学校的大量人口统计学变量。学生人口统计学变量包括性别、种族和年龄。教师人口统计学变量包括种族、教学方法及教育背景。此外，还对学校的特征进行了评估，如地理位置、课程设置以及学生的平均考试成绩。