Dataset of Dental Periapical Radiograph for Osteoporosis Classification

Data are collected from postmenopausal Javanese women aged over 50 years. A total of 31 subjects have agreed to participate in the research and have signed informed consent. Ethical clearance of the data has also been obtained from the ethics and advocacy unit of the Faculty of Dentistry of Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) with the number: 0061/KKEP/FKG-UGM/EC/2019. Some criteria are used to exclude subjects from the research. These criteria include: suffering from cancer with bone metastases, kidney failure, metabolic diseases (hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, osteomalacia, renal osteodystrophy, and osteogenesis imperfecta), and taking drugs that affect bone metabolism.

After dental periapical radiographs are acquired from the Radiology Department of Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital of Universitas Gadjah Mada, the women underwent bone density examination at the Radiology Department of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Indonesia. Periapical radiographs used in this research have gone through an assessment process to ensure their quality. As for bone density estimation, a lunar prodigy primo DEXA densitometer (GE Lunar Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) is used to scan the subjects' spine and femur regions at an exposure of 42 µGy for 1.27 minutes. The bone density values were then converted into T-scores to determine the class of the subject into osteoporosis, osteopenia, or normal. These categories were then used as labels for the collected periapical radiographs. The conversion was conducted using the standard procedure specified by the World Health Organization (WHO). Based on BMD measurements of 13 subjects, three subjects were classified as normal, six were classified as osteopenia, and four were classified as osteoporosis.