Gene expression profile at single cell level from rhesus macaque fetal brain prefrontal cortex and human organotypic dlPFC slices.

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is a derived cortical area in primates that is involved in myriad high-cognitive functions and is associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we performed patch-seq and single-nucleus multiomic analyses of the rhesus macaque dlPFC to identify genes governing neuronal maturation during midfetal to late-fetal development. We also employed patch-seq analysis to assess the impact of CHD8 knockdown on human midfetal neuronal development with human organotypic dlPFC slices. Overall design: Nuclei were isolated from the prefrontal cortex of rhesus macaque fetal brains and subsequently subjected to single-nuclear ATAC-seq(snATAC-seq) and single-nuclear RNA-seq(snRNA-seq) using the 10X Genomics platform. The rhesus macaque acute slice cells obtained from the prefrontal cortex of the fetal brain were patched, and the nucleus of each cell was subsequently isolated for single-nuclear SAMRT-seq(patch-seq). Also, We performed patch-seq on cells from human organotypic dlPFC slices that contained both CHD8 knockdown(infected by lentivirus expressing both mScarlet and shRNA against CHD8) and control cells(infected by lentivirus expressing both mNeon and control shRNA).