National Incident-Based Reporting System, 2012: Extract Files

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is a part of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The extract files version of NIBRS was created to simplify working with NIBRS data. Data management issues with NIBRS are significant, especially when two or more segment levels are being merged. These issues require skills separate from data analysis. NIBRS data as formatted by the FBI are stored in a single file. These data are organized by various segment levels (record types). There are six main segment levels: administrative, offense, property, victim, offender, and arrestee. Each segment level has a different length and layout. There are other segment levels that occur with less frequency than the six main levels. Significant computing resources are necessary to work with the data in its single-file format. In addition, the user must be sophisticated in working with data in complex file types. For these reasons and the desire to facilitate the use of NIBRS data, ICPSR created the extract files. The data are not a representative sample of crime in the United States.

国家事件基础报告系统（NIBRS）系统一犯罪报告计划（UCR）的一部分，由联邦调查局（FBI）负责管理。为简化NIBRS数据的处理，特创建了NIBRS数据的提取文件版本。在合并两个或更多段级时，NIBRS数据管理问题尤为突出，这些问题需要的数据处理技能与数据分析技能相异。由FBI格式化的NIBRS数据存储在单个文件中，并按照不同的段级（记录类型）进行组织。存在六个主要段级：行政、罪行、财产、受害者、犯罪嫌疑人和被捕者。每个段级具有不同的长度和布局。此外，还有出现频率低于六个主要段级的其他段级。处理单文件格式的数据需要显著的计算资源。此外，用户还需具备处理复杂文件类型数据的熟练技能。基于这些原因以及对促进NIBRS数据使用的渴望，美国犯罪政策与统计研究局（ICPSR）创建了提取文件。这些数据并非美国犯罪的代表性样本。