Comprehensive Analysis of DNA Methylation Patterns in Recurrent Miscarriage: Imprinted Genes and Their Regulation Across Sperm and Fetal-Maternal Tissues

Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed on sperm (n=3) and chorionic villi (n=3) from RM patients and control couples undergoing artificial abortion using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip platform. Genes related with differentially methylated probes (DMPs) in functionally critical genomic regions, including enhancers, promoters, and DNase hypersensitive sites (DHS) were identified, and submitted to Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Bisulphite converted DNA from the 12 samples were treated to the Illumina Infinium® HumanMethylation450 BeadChip