The long-term evolutionary potential of four yeast species and their hybrids in extreme temperature conditions

Accelerating climate change and extreme temperatures urge us to better understand the potential of populations to tolerate and adapt to thermal challenges. Interspecific hybridization can facilitate adaptation to novel or extreme environments. However, predicting the long-term fitness effects of hybridization remains a major challenge in evolutionary and conservation biology. Experimental evolution with microbes provides a powerful tool for tracking adaptation across generations and in real time. We investigated the thermal adaptation dynamics of four species of budding yeast (Saccharomyces) and their interspecific F2 hybrids, for 140 generations under cold (5°C) and warm (31°C) conditions. We found significant variation in the evolutionary potential of species and hybrids, strongly determined by their natural temperature tolerance. The largest fitness improvements occurred in hybrids, with some populations nearly quadrupling in fitness in the cold environment, exceeding both parents in..., , # Data from: The long-term evolutionary potential of four yeast species and their hybrids in extreme temperature conditions

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.k3j9kd5p9](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.k3j9kd5p9)

## Description of the data and file structure

The data was obtained by measuring endpoints (OD600) of yeast culture using a BioTek Epoch 2 Microplate reader. The table contains the fitness of eight Saccharomyces parental strains and six hybrid strains (S. cerevisiae XLY011, S. cerevisiae Y55, S. paradoxus YPS744, S. paradoxus Q89.8, S. kudriavzevii ZP591, S. kudriavzevii FM1110, S. uvarum CBS 7001, S. uvarum JRY9189, Scer XLY011 × Spar YPS744, Scer Y55 × Spar Q89.8, Scer XLY011 × Skud ZP591, Scer Y55 × Skud FM1110, Scer XLY011 × Suva CBS 7001, Scer Y55 × Suva JRY9189).

The data represent 10 points during experimental evolution (0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, 140 generations) at two temperature treatments: cold (5-6 degrees Celsius), and warm (31-32 degrees Celsius).

Withi...,