Functional annotation

Manakins represent a family of small suboscine passerine birds characterized by their elaborate courtship displays, non-monogamous mating system, and sexual dimorphism. This family thus serves as a good model for the study of sexual selection. Here we present the genome assemblies of four manakin species (Cryptopipo holochlora, Dixiphia pipra, Machaeropterus deliciosus and Masius chrysopterus) generated by Single-tube Long Fragment Read (stLFR) technology. The assembled genome sizes ranged from 1.10 Gb to 1.19 Gb, with average scaffold N50 of 28 Mb and contig N50 of 169 Kb. On average, 9.82% genome region was annotated as repetitive elements, and 12,059 protein-coding genes were annotated in the genomes. We further identified about 75 Mb Z-linked sequences in manakins, containing 585 to 751 genes, and 600 Kb pseudoautosomal region (PAR). One interesting finding of these Z-linked sequences is that Z-to-autosome/PAR reversal could happen in Masius chrysopterus. These manakin genomes will contribute to a deeper understanding of evolutionary history and sexual selection in these species.