Orchestration of a blood-derived and ADARB1-centred network in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease

To better understand the relationship between peripheral blood leukocyte and brain-based epigenetic activity in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), we conducted a pilot study on peripheral blood leukocytes by comprehensively analysing transcriptomic and metabolic features in blood (NCONTROL = 15; NAD = 11; PD = 13). Using next-generation sequencing, we identified 766 miRNAs and 19,512 mRNAs/lncRNAs after removing low-quality reads and low-abundance RNAs. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified 8 DE metabolites of 7 short-chain fatty acids and 23 neurotransmitters. Using a comprehensive integrative analysis of multi-omics data, we identified an ADARB1-centred co-expression sub-network consisting of ADARB1, LINC02960 and 109 miRNAs simultaneously correlated with diagnosis, glutamate and phenethylamine. A putative interaction within the ADARB1 module was raised in the blood ecosystem of AD and PD.