Differential transcriptomic landscapes of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Multi-organs from Infected Rhesus macaque. Macaca mulatta

SARS-CoV-2 and variants have caused a global pandemic that resulting in millions of deaths worldwide. We have investigated the virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs (Alpha, Beta and Delta) in MA104 cells and the transcriptome-wide alteration of different tissues (lung, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, right ventricle and blood) of rhesus macaques. VOCs caused greater proportion of transcription fluctuation in vitro of host cells and markedly increased sgRNAs level, involving immune response. Intriguingly, the original and Alpha strains of SARS-CoV-2 induced larger alteration in tissues. Right ventricle exhibited an active immune response and hyperinflammatory state.