Carabidae) activity density from pitfall traps at 768 sampling points across 29 Alpine and Apennine high-elevation landform sites (Italy), 2010–2023

This table provides activity density data for adult ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) collected by pitfall trapping at the 768 sampling points of the HIGH-PBS dataset, distributed across 29 high-elevation sites in the Italian Alps and Apennines (1,875–3,120 m a.s.l.) and surveyed between 2010 and 2023. Sampling was carried out with one pitfall trap (plastic vessel, 7 cm diameter, 10 cm height) placed in the centre of each 25 m² vegetation plot, baited with a wine-vinegar and salt mixture. Traps were active throughout the snow-free season (typically early July to late September) and were emptied and refilled approximately every 20 days. For each species column, the value reported is the activity density, computed as the number of adult individuals captured divided by the number of trap-days, averaged across the trapping period; empty cells indicate species absence at that sampling point. Values for sites sampled over consecutive years are aggregated across the full sampling period (total individuals divided by total trap-days). The table covers 71 Carabidae species identified to species level; nomenclature follows the checklist of the Italian Carabid Beetles fauna. Identification keys used include Pesarini & Monzini and Mueller-Motzfeld. Voucher specimens are preserved in ca. 70% ethanol at the MUSE - Science Museum of Trento (Italy). Each row is identified by three columns: Event label (unique sampling point identifier, primary key shared with the other five tables of the dataset), Code Landform (CS, DG, F1, F2, RGa, RGr, SF, SS) and Code Area (29 site codes).