Immunomodulatory Potential of Dapphitkhai and Chanthaleela Thai Traditional Recipes in the Context of COVID-19 Pathogenesis

This study aimed to investigate the effects of two Thai traditional recipes including Dapphitkhai and Chanthaleela on various immune parameters and signaling pathways in human white blood cells. The gene expression of whole blood stimulation was analyzed through RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis. Chanthaleela and Dapphitkhai demonstrated a significant decrease in IL-8 secretion and an increase in IFN-ß secretion, suggesting their potential to modulate these signaling pathways. Gene expression analysis of Chanthaleela and Dapphitkhai at 500 µg/mL revealed distinct patterns and identified differentially expressed genes. Gene ontology analysis highlighted the impact of the recipes on immune responses and cytokine regulation, while pathway analysis identified key pathways related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling, and infection-related processes. This study provides valuable insights into the effects of Thai traditional recipes on immune parameters and signaling pathways in human white blood cells. The findings suggest potential therapeutic applications of Thai traditional medicine in immune-related disorders and viral infections like COVID-19. Overall design: This study aimed to investigate the effects of two Thai traditional recipes including Dapphitkhai and Chanthaleela on various immune parameters and signaling pathways in human white blood cells. Whole blood stimulation will be employed to analyze gene expression through RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis, thereby unraveling the underlying mechanisms of antiviral and anti-inflammatory immune stimulation exerted by these Thai traditional recipes.