Linear regression of the association between being a multi-substance user and the total ED resource consumption (n = 867).

From all included predictors, i) sociodemographic parameter (age, sex, private insurance), ii) consultation acuity variables (triage, resuscitation room, walk-in), iii) consultation characteristics parameters (drug-related, heavy-ED user, intravenous drug-use, night admission, weekend admission, season, revisit, and attending discipline) as well as the Charlson comorbidity index, those with p>0.2 were stepwise removed.