Data from: Deep genetic structure and ecological divergence in a widespread human commensal toad

The Asian common toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus) is a human commensal
species that occupies a wide variety of habitats across tropical Southeast
Asia. We test the hypothesis that genetic variation in D. melanostictus is
weakly associated with geography owing to natural and human-mediated
dispersal facilitated by its commensal nature. Phylogenetic and population
genetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence variation, and
predictive species distribution modelling, unexpectedly recovered three
distinct evolutionary lineages that differ genetically and ecologically,
corresponding to the Asian mainland, coastal Myanmar and the Sundaic
islands. The persistence of these three divergent lineages, despite ample
opportunities for recent human-mediated and geological dispersal, suggests
that D. melanostictus actually consists of multiple species, each having
narrower geographical ranges and ecological niches, and higher
conservation value, than is currently recognized. These findings also have
implications for the invasion potential of this human commensal elsewhere,
such as in its recently introduced ranges on the islands of Borneo,
Sulawesi, Seram and Madagascar.