Wages in the Mangueirinha Indigenous Land: Guarani and Kaingang strategies

Abstract: Indigenous peoples in Brazil are undergoing transformations since the colonization period, when the contact with the European caused a cultural hybridization process. Currently, the traditional indigenous livelihood seeks strategies for cultural assimilation while trying to resist and preserve its identity with the surrounding society. In this new economic format, in which indigenous peoples increasingly need the use of money, and, given the few options for obtaining income within the Indigenous Land (TI), the most common use has been to seek additional income outside its territory. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the strategies and consequences of the wage process of Kaingang and Guarani people in IT Mangueirinha, PR. Therefore, the research sought to interview bookies, indigenous leaders, and workers who fall within the indigenous wage process. In the end, we realized that these Indigenous leaders have a significant role in the formal salaried employment process of the Indigenous, as well as we identified different responses of the process, according to the culture involved.