Wild Turkey Range - CWHR B138 [ds1453]

CWHR species range datasets represent the maximum current geographic extent of each species within California. Ranges were originally delineated at a scale of 1:5,000,000 by species-level experts more than 30 years ago and have gradually been revised at a scale of 1:1,000,000. Species occurrence data are used in defining species ranges, but range polygons may extend beyond the limits of extant occurrence data for a particular species. When drawing range boundaries, CDFW seeks to err on the side of commission rather than omission. This means that CDFW may include areas within a range based on expert knowledge or other available information, despite an absence of confirmed occurrences, which may be due to a lack of survey effort. The degree to which a range polygon is extended beyond occurrence data will vary among species, depending upon each species’ vagility, dispersal patterns, and other ecological and life history factors. The boundary line of a range polygon is drawn with consideration of these factors and is aligned with standardized boundaries including watersheds (NHD), ecoregions (USDA), or other ecologically meaningful delineations such as elevation contour lines. While CWHR ranges are meant to represent the current range, once an area has been designated as part of a species’ range in CWHR, it will remain part of the range even if there have been no documented occurrences within recent decades. An area is not removed from the range polygon unless experts indicate that it has not been occupied for a number of years after repeated surveys or is deemed no longer suitable and unlikely to be recolonized. It is important to note that range polygons typically contain areas in which a species is not expected to be found due to the patchy configuration of suitable habitat within a species’ range. In this regard, range polygons are coarse generalizations of where a species may be found. This data is available for download from the CDFW website: https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR. The following data sources were collated for the purposes of range mapping and species habitat modeling by RADMAP. Each focal taxon’s location data was extracted (when applicable) from the following list of sources. BIOS datasets are bracketed with their “ds” numbers and can be located on CDFW’s BIOS viewer: https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/BIOS. California Natural Diversity Database, Terrestrial Species Monitoring [ds2826], North American Bat Monitoring Data Portal, VertNet, Breeding Bird Survey, Wildlife Insights, eBird, iNaturalist, other available CDFW or partner data.CWHR物种分布数据集呈现了加州境内各物种当前的最大地理分布范围。该数据集的分布范围最初由物种专家以1:5000000的比例尺于30余年前划定，后续逐步以1:1000000的比例尺进行修订。物种出现数据被用于界定物种分布范围，但分布范围多边形可能会超出某一特定物种现存出现数据的边界。在绘制分布边界时，加州鱼类与野生动物局（California Department of Fish and Wildlife, CDFW）秉持宁多勿漏的原则。这意味着即便某区域缺乏经确认的物种出现记录（此类记录缺失可能源于调查工作不足），CDFW仍可基于专业知识或其他可用信息将其纳入物种分布范围。分布范围多边形超出现有出现数据的程度因物种而异，取决于各物种的移动能力、扩散模式以及其他生态与生活史特征。分布范围多边形的边界绘制会综合考量上述因素，并与标准化边界对齐，包括流域（国家水文数据集，National Hydrography Dataset, NHD）、生态区（美国农业部，United States Department of Agriculture, USDA）或其他具有生态意义的划定方式（如海拔等高线）。尽管CWHR分布范围旨在代表物种当前的分布区域，但一旦某区域被纳入CWHR的物种分布范围，即便近数十年内无相关观测记录，该区域仍会保留在分布范围中。除非专家指出某区域经多次调查后已多年未被物种占据，或被认定不再适宜物种生存且难以再次被殖民，否则该区域不会从分布范围多边形中移除。需要特别说明的是，由于物种分布范围内的适宜栖息地呈斑块状分布，分布范围多边形通常包含了物种实际不会出现的区域。就此而言，分布范围多边形是对物种可能分布区域的粗略概括。该数据集可从CDFW官网下载：https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CWHR。为开展物种分布范围制图与栖息地建模工作，RADMAP整合了以下数据源。各目标类群的位置数据（如适用）均从以下来源提取：BIOS数据集以其"ds"编号标注，可通过CDFW的BIOS查看器访问：https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/BIOS。具体数据源包括：加州自然多样性数据库、陆地物种监测[ds2826]、北美蝙蝠监测数据门户、VertNet、繁殖鸟类调查、Wildlife Insights、eBird、iNaturalist，以及其他可获取的CDFW或合作方数据。