Cell-specific protein expression in Alzheimer's disease prefrontal cortex

Analyzing the proteomes of different brain cell types is fundamental for
understanding the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
However, spatial analysis of these diverse and limited cell populations
poses significant challenges. The GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP)
platform analyzed protein levels in the prefrontal cortex of AD and non-AD
brains. The platform interrogated 76 proteins and used immunofluorescence
to distinguish between three cell types. Neprilysin, which promotes Aβ
degradation, was significantly higher in AD neurons and microglia. LAMP2A
level was higher in neurons of individuals with AD compared to a control
group. Additionally, markers of neuroinflammation, such as CD11c, CD11b,
and CD163, were also elevated in AD neurons. Our findings indicate that
the DSP platform effectively facilitates cell-specific snapshots of the AD
brain proteome.