This study explores the Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) treatment of lignocellulosic biomass blends, delving into the influence of several key parameters: temperature, additive nature and dosage, res
The pyrolysis temperature was 450℃. The torrefaction temperature was 200℃. The catalysts were HZSM-5, MgO-modified HZSM-5, and Al 2 O 3 -modified HZSM-5, respectively. The bio-oil co