Deformable Femur Model

This project holds all the files necessary for a SIMM-based musculoskeletal model of deformable human femur that can be used to easily model rotational deformities. In order to respect the time and effort put in by the original developers please carefully read accompanying publications and cite appropriate references in future work. The links to the left contain all the files (Downloads) and documentation (Documents) related to the model.<hr> </hr><b>Please cite the following paper:</b>-Arnold and Delp. Rotational moment arms of the hamstrings and adductors vary with femoral geometry and limb position: implications for the treatment of internally-rotated gait. Journal of Biomechanics, 2001.<hr> </hr><b>About the model:</b>Originally developed by Scott Delp and Alison Arnold to examine the effects of bony deformities of the femur, this model characterizes the geometry of the pelvis, femur, and proximal tibia, the kinematics of the hip and tibiofemoral joints, and the paths of the medial hamstrings, iliopsoas, and adductor muscles for an average-sized adult male. The femur of the model can be altered to represent anteversion angles of 0-60°, neck-shaft angles of 110-150°, and/or neck lengths of 35-60 mm. The lesser trochanter torsion angle of the model can be adjusted by as much as 30° anteriorly or 10° posteriorly. Hence, this model enables rapid and accurate estimation of muscle-tendon lengths and moment arms for individuals with a wide range of movement abnormalities and femoral deformities.<hr> </hr> <br/><br/>This project includes the following software/data packages: <br/> <ul> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=323#pack_493">Deformable Femur Model </a> : SIMM model of a deformable femur. </li> </ul>

本课题集成了构建基于 SIMM 理论的柔性人体股骨模型所需的所有文件，此模型能够方便地模拟股骨的旋转畸形。为尊重原始开发者的辛勤付出，请仔细阅读随附的出版物，并在未来的工作中引用相应的参考文献。左侧链接包含与模型相关的所有文件（下载）和文档（文档）。

请引用以下论文：

- Arnold 与 Delp. 股二头肌和内收肌群的旋转力矩臂随股骨几何形状和肢体位置的变化而变化：对内旋步态治疗的影响。生物力学杂志，2001。

## 关于模型：

该模型最初由 Scott Delp 和 Alison Arnold 开发，旨在研究股骨骨骼畸形的影响。模型描述了骨盆、股骨和胫骨近端的几何形状，髋关节和胫股关节的运动学，以及内侧股二头肌、髂腰肌和内收肌的路径，适用于平均体型的成年男性。模型的股骨可以调整以表示 0-60° 的前倾角、110-150° 的颈干角以及 35-60 mm 的颈长。模型的股骨小转子扭转角可以向前调整多达 30° 或向后调整 10°。因此，该模型能够快速且准确地估算具有广泛运动异常和股骨畸形的个体肌肉-肌腱长度和力矩臂。

## 本项目包含以下软件/数据包：

- [可变形股骨模型](https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=323#pack_493)：柔性股骨的 SIMM 模型。