青藏高原冰川物质平衡（2020-2021）

冰川物质平衡是表征冰川积累和消融量值的重要冰川学参数之一。冰川物质平衡是联系气候和冰川变化的纽带，是冰川对所在地区气候状况的直接反映。气候变化导致冰川的物质收支状况发生相应的变化，而这种物质上的收支变化又可以引起冰川运动特征及冰川热状况的改变，进而导致冰川末端位置、面积和冰储量的变化。监测方法即在冰川表面设置固定标志花杆，定期监测冰川表面相对于花杆顶点的距离，以计算冰雪消融量；在积累区定时定点开挖雪坑或钻孔取样，测量雪层密度，分析雪-粒雪-附加冰层位特征，计算雪层积累量；再将单点监测结果绘到大比例尺冰川地形图上，按净平衡等值线法或等高线分区法计算整条冰川的瞬时、季节（如冬季和夏季）及年度的物质平衡分量。该数据集为青藏高原及天山地区不同代表性冰川年物质平衡数据，单位为毫米水当量。

Glacier mass balance is one of the core glaciological parameters characterizing the magnitudes of glacier accumulation and ablation. It acts as the critical link connecting climate and glacier fluctuations, and serves as a direct indicator of the local climatic conditions where the glacier resides. Climate change triggers corresponding alterations in the mass budget of glaciers, which in turn can modify the movement characteristics and thermal regime of glaciers, subsequently leading to changes in glacier terminus positions, surface areas and glacial ice reserves. The monitoring methodologies are detailed as follows: Fixed reference stakes are deployed on the glacier surface, and the vertical distance between the glacier surface and the stake apex is regularly monitored to quantify ice and snow ablation; In the glacier accumulation zone, snow pits are excavated or ice cores are drilled at fixed sites and time intervals, the snow layer density is measured, the stratigraphic features of snow, firn and superimposed ice are analyzed, and the snow accumulation amount is calculated; Then the single-point monitoring results are mapped onto large-scale glacier topographic maps, and the instantaneous, seasonal (e.g., winter and summer) and annual mass balance components of the entire glacier are computed via the net balance contour method or contour zoning method. This dataset provides annual mass balance data of various representative glaciers across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Tianshan Mountains, with the unit of millimeter water equivalent.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了2020-2021年青藏高原及天山地区代表性冰川的年物质平衡数据，以毫米水当量为单位，用于表征冰川积累和消融量值，反映气候变化对冰川的影响。数据以Excel格式存储，时间分辨率为年，共享方式需申请获取，适用于冰冻圈和冰川学研究。