For Pure Scots Pine Forests: Ground-Based Forest Parameters and a Dataset Comprising Landsat 8, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1, and UAV-Based Features

The dataset consists of a multi-component structure that combines locally measured forest variables with spectral and spatial attributes derived from different remote sensing sources. The dataset includes measurements obtained from a total of 184 sample plots belonging to pure Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands located in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye.

The ground-based dataset includes the variables stand volume (V), breast height area (BA), number of trees (N), dominant tree height (Hdom), and mean diameter at breast height (dq), which were measured or calculated for each sample plot. These variables constitute the dependent variables of the dataset as fundamental forestry parameters representing the structural and production characteristics of pure Scots pine stands.

The remote sensing component includes band values derived from Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel-2 satellite images and texture features based on GLCM (Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix) derived from these bands. Each feature is defined by an abbreviation system consisting of four components. These components represent, respectively, (i) the calculated texture metric, (ii) the relevant satellite sensor and band number, (iii) the texture window size used, and (iv) the texture direction.

In this coding structure, the first component (b1–b8) represents the GLCM-based texture measures calculated for each band or index. Accordingly, b1 denotes the mean, b2 the variance, b3 the homogeneity, b4 the contrast, b5 the dissimilarity, b6 the entropy, b7 the second moment, and b8 the correlation measures.

The second component indicates which satellite sensor and band the relevant tissue or spectral feature was derived from. In Landsat 8 OLI images, this refers to bands L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, and L7; in Sentinel-2 images, it refers to bands S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S8A, S11, and S12.

The third component represents the window size used in texture calculations. In this context, seven different window sizes were used: 3×3, 5×5, 7×7, 9×9, 11×11, 13×13, and 15×15.

The fourth component represents the texture direction used in GLCM calculations. Texture measures were calculated for four different directions: 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°.

Finally, for Sentinel-1 data, only the band values and backscatter (dB) values for VV and VH polarizations were calculated; for UAV data, only the reflectance values and the vegetation indices derived from these values are included.