Comparison between the newborn results reported here, and published results from human 4-month-olds [11], adult humans and adult macaques [12].

The symbol indicates significance level with * at a corrected level (through resampling in the present work, FDR in the 4-month-old study, and FWE in the adult work) and # at an uncorrected level (.05 for the infant work,.005 for the adult work); ‘none’ indicates None at p<.05 uncorrected for the infants, and at p<.001 for the macaques. The Native vs. Foreign contrast in the 4-month-olds was significant at uncorrected p  = .05 in an ANOVA including both channels. A negative sign indicates that a difference was counter to the stated order (e.g., more activation for macaque calls than human emotional sounds in the newborns). Empty cells were not reported; those with (–) involve stimuli not presented to that population. The channels in [11] have been renamed a through c here for ease of reference. LS  =  lateral sulcus, STS  =  superior temporal sulcus, STG  =  superior temporal gyrus, F = frontal regions, IFG  =  inferior frontal gyrus. All activations in adult monkeys and humans were present in both hemispheres, with various degrees of dominance (not represented here).
Comparison between the newborn results reported here, and published results from human 4-month-olds [11], adult humans and adult macaques [12].