Deforestation limits evolutionary rescue under climate change in Amazonian lizards

Aim: The impact of climate change on biodiversity is often analyzed under a stable evolutionary perspective focused on whether species can currently tolerate warmer climates. However, species may adapt to changes, and particularly under conditions of limited fragmentation, adaptive genetic variation can spread across populations tracking changing climates, a process termed evolutionary rescue.  Here, our aim is to integrate genomic data, niche modeling, and landscape ecology to predict range shifts and the potential for evolutionary rescue.
Location: the megadiverse Amazonian rainforest
Methods: We use genome-environment association analyses to search for candidate loci under environmental selection, while accounting for neutral genetic variation in a widespread Amazonian whiptail lizard (Teiidae: Kentropyx calcarata). We then model the distribution of individuals with genotypes adapted to different climate conditions. Finally, we predict range shifts in distinct future climate cha..., We sampled individuals of K. calcarata in Amazonia, the Atlantic Forest, and the Cerrado savannas (information on specimens, museums, and localities are available in Supporting Information, Table S1).
We extracted genomic DNA from each sample (liver and muscles) using the Macherey-Nagel® Mini Kit with a high salinity protocol with proteinase K. We then visualized fragment sizes in agarose gels and measured DNA concentration and quality with Qubit™ 3.0 Fluorometer and Nanodrop, selecting only samples with a low degree of DNA fragmentation and normalizing the concentration to 20 ± 2 ng DNA for each 50 μl solution (TE buffer). RAD-sequence library preparation (as detailed in Etter et al., 2011) was then performed by Floragenex, Inc. (Eugene, OR, USA). Individual samples were digested with the SbfI enzyme, linked with barcoded RAD ligators, multiplexed, sonicated, and then size-selected to a range within 300-500 bp. After PCR amplification, DNA sequencing was performed on a 2x100bp Ill..., , # Deforestation limits evolutionary rescue under climate change in Amazonian lizards

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmtx](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmtx)

SNPs recovered from iPyrad library prepation.This repository hosts the filtered SNP dataset (using VCPtools) and specimen metadata used to explore evolutionary rescue in *Kentropyx calcarata* populations across Amazonia. These files are ready for the first steps of the genomic analyses in R (e.g. population genetics, genome environment association analyses).

#### Data files

| Filename | Size | Description |
| -------------------------------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `ken_calcarata090_1SNP-locus.012` | 4.4 MB | Genotype matrix (one SNP per locus) in IPYRED “.012” format |
| `ken_calcarata0...,