县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统研发与应用

本项目依托国家“九五”、“十五”攻关课题，“十一五”支撑课题以及国家重大基础研究973课题，联合中国林科院、西南林业大学、中南林业科技大学、北京林业大学等单位，对15年来相关研究成果进行凝练总结组装而成。本项目针对县级单位森林火灾的控制和扑救方面最紧迫的关键技术问题进行攻关，形成实用技术，从总体上提高林区对森林火灾的控制和扑救能力，最大限度地减少森林资源的损失。本项目研发的“县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统”，包括森林火灾预测预警技术，林火动态蔓延模拟技术，森林火环境参数连续模拟与表达，森林火灾灭火辅助决策技术，指挥部与灭火现场的数据、图形图像交互技术，以及决策应用等功能模块。实现了森林火灾预警监测、复杂地形条件下的森林火灾扑救、森林火灾数据的快速采集、传递和集成、可进行火情的标绘、火环境信息查询、火发展预报、灭火作战部署，火场发展态势发布等，具备对县级森林火灾预防扑救资源管理、扑救指挥决策的科技支撑。 本研究结合森林防火工作的实际需要，以快速高效扑救森林火灾为目标，建立了涵盖南方、西南、华北和东北的森林火灾发生及扑救数据库，建立了“县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统”。通过对县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统等研究工作的深入，达到了实用化水平。开发研制的“县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统”投入业务化运行，是国内目前功能最全、应用最多的森林火灾扑救与指挥系统。本项研究成果在东北、云南、湖南等省得到推广应用。本项目出版《森林火灾监测预警和扑救指挥数字化技术》专著1部，编写《县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统使用手册》1部，该技术手册是国内外第一本指导森林火灾扑救及应急指挥技术手册，具有较好的实用价值，获得软件著作权1项，发明专利1项，实用新型专利2项，发表论文26篇，其中SCI收录5篇，EI收录2篇。研究成果通过现场示范、技术培训、印发技术资料等方式，分别在云南、黑龙江、湖南等部分地区推广应用，近年来减少扑火经费和火灾损失3000万元以上，具有重大推广应用价值和产业化前景。所提供的系统通过试验和交由基层森林防火部门使用，效果较好。

This project is compiled and assembled based on 15 years of relevant research findings, relying on national key research projects during the 9th Five-Year Plan, 10th Five-Year Plan, 11th Five-Year Plan, as well as the National Basic Research Program (973 Program), and jointly collaborated with units including the Chinese Academy of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Beijing Forestry University and others. This project focuses on addressing the most urgent key technical issues concerning forest fire control and suppression at the county level, developing practical technologies to generally improve the forest area's capability in forest fire control and suppression, and minimize the loss of forest resources to the greatest extent. The developed "county-level forest fire fighting emergency command system" includes functional modules such as forest fire prediction and early warning technology, dynamic forest fire spread simulation technology, continuous simulation and expression of forest fire environment parameters, fire-fighting auxiliary decision-making technology, data and graphic/image interaction technology between command headquarters and fire-fighting sites, as well as decision-making application functions. It realizes functions including forest fire early warning and monitoring, forest fire suppression in complex terrain conditions, rapid collection, transmission and integration of forest fire data, fire situation plotting, fire environment information query, fire development forecast, fire-fighting operation deployment, and release of fire field development trends. It provides scientific and technological support for county-level forest fire prevention and suppression resource management, as well as fire-fighting command decision-making. This research, combined with the actual needs of forest fire prevention work and targeting the goal of rapid and efficient forest fire suppression, established a forest fire occurrence and suppression database covering southern, southwest, north China and northeast China, and developed the "county-level forest fire fighting emergency command system". Through in-depth research on the county-level forest fire fighting emergency command system and related work, the system has reached a practical application level. The developed "county-level forest fire fighting emergency command system" has been put into operational use, and it is currently the most comprehensive and most widely applied forest fire fighting and command system in China. The research results have been promoted and applied in provinces including Northeast China, Yunnan and Hunan. This project has published 1 monograph titled *Digital Technologies for Forest Fire Monitoring, Early Warning and Fire Fighting Command*, and compiled 1 *User Manual for County-level Forest Fire Fighting Emergency Command System*, which is the first technical manual guiding forest fire fighting and emergency command both domestically and internationally with great practical value. It has obtained 1 software copyright, 1 invention patent, 2 utility model patents, and published 26 papers, among which 5 are indexed by SCI and 2 by EI. The research results have been promoted and applied in some regions of Yunnan, Heilongjiang, Hunan and other provinces through on-site demonstrations, technical training, distribution of technical materials and other methods. In recent years, it has reduced fire-fighting expenses and fire losses by more than 30 million yuan, with significant promotion and application value and industrialization prospects. The provided system has achieved good results after trials and use by grassroots forest fire prevention departments.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于县级森林火灾扑救应急指挥系统的研发与应用，系统集成了预测预警、蔓延模拟和辅助决策等功能模块，旨在提升林区火灾防控能力。研究成果已在多个省份推广，有效减少了扑火经费和火灾损失，并获得了专利和论文等成果。