Longitudinal-Trajectories-Early-Brain-Development-Language

This repository contains one of two datasets used in the following study:

Turesky TK, Escalante ES, Loh M, Gaab N. Longitudinal trajectories of brain development from infancy to school age and their relationship to literacy development, https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.06.29.601366.

For the other dataset, please see https://osf.io/axz5r/.

All participants included in this repository had MR images from at least two timepoints that passed the QC standards for the manuscript referenced above. Any MR images for these participants from additional timepoints were also included regardless of whether they passed the QC standards.

Please note that session numbers correspond to the following developmental timepoints:
ses-01 = infant
ses-02 = toddler
ses-03 = pre-reading
ses-04 = beginning reading
ses-05 = emergent reading

FreeSurfer's mri_deface was used to deface all T1w images, except for the following partipants, for whom we used mideface:

Images where mri_deface did not sufficiently distort the face:
sub-04/ses-03
sub-29/ses-04
sub-34/ses-02
sub-52/ses-04
sub-55/ses-01
sub-65/ses-04
sub-70/ses-05
sub-72/ses-03

Images where mri_deface cut into brain tissue:
sub-12/ses-03
sub-12/ses-04
sub-15/ses-05
sub-57/ses-05
sub-62/ses-05
sub-79/ses-04

Data dictionary for measures:
participant_id - participant IDs
timepoint - INF=infant, TOD=toddler, PRE=pre-reading, BEG=beginning reading, REA=emergent reading
session - timepoint number
age - age in months
Sex - biological sex (0=male, 1=female)
MEd - maternal education
HLE - home literacy composite (z-normalized)
FHD - family history of dyslexia (0=none, 1=first degree relative)
pre_word_access_raw - PRE WJIV word access subtest raw
pre_word_fluency_raw - PRE WJIV word fluency subtest raw
pre_substitution_raw - PRE WJIV substitution subtest raw
pre_wjiv_oralcomp_raw - PRE WJIV oral comprehension subtest raw
pre_wjiv_pvocab_raw - PRE WJIV picture vocabulary subtest raw
pre_wjiv_phonproc_standard - PRE timepoint WJIV phonological processing standardized composite
pre_wjiv_orallang_standard - PRE timepoint WJIV oral language standardized composite
kbit2_raw - KBIT reasing subtest raw score
kbit2_standard - KBIT reasing subtest standard score
beg_wrmt3_wrd_id_raw - BEG timepoint WRMT word id raw score
beg_wrmt3_wrdatt_raw - BEG timepoint WRMT word attack raw score
beg_wrmt3_wrd_id_stnd - BEG timepoint WRMT word id standard score
beg_wrmt3_wrdatt_stnd - BEG timepoint WRMT word attack standard score
pre_beh_age - age at PRE timepoint
beg_beh_age - age at BEG timepoint
euler - Euler number rating for T1 images, average of hemispheres (FreeSurfer metric)
qc_s - visual ratings of FreeSurfer segmentations (0=poor, 1=regional-localized errors, 2=good)
qc_ARC_L - visual ratings of py(Baby)AFQ tracts (0=poor, 1=sparser than usual, 2=good)
qc_ARC_R - visual ratings of py(Baby)AFQ tracts (0=poor, 1=sparser than usual, 2=good)
qc_ILF_L - visual ratings of py(Baby)AFQ tracts (0=poor, 1=sparser than usual, 2=good)
qc_ILF_R - visual ratings of py(Baby)AFQ tracts (0=poor, 1=sparser than usual, 2=good)
qc_SLF_L - visual ratings of py(Baby)AFQ tracts (0=poor, 1=sparser than usual, 2=good)
qc_SLF_R - visual ratings of py(Baby)AFQ tracts (0=poor, 1=sparser than usual, 2=good)

Keys for remaining variables may be found in Table S1 of the following citation: Yu X, et al. (2021) Functional Connectivity in Infancy and Toddlerhood Predicts Long-Term Language and Preliteracy Outcomes. Cerebral Cortex 32, 725–736.

For corresponding code, please see https://github.com/TeddyTuresky/Longitudinal-Trajectories-Early-Brain-Development-Language/tree/main.