GBS data of an F1 hybrid population "Olivière x Arbequina" of olive

To understand biological processes, genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying olive tree adaptation to climate change—particularly in response to winter chill deficit that impacts flowering phenology—this work, conducted as part of the ClimOliveMed/ClimGenOlive project, aimed to explore olive tree genetic resources through development of comprehensive genomic resources, which were exploited to address the main questions. In this context, Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) data were generated for an F1 hybrid progeny derived from a cross between the cultivars 'Olivière' and 'Arbequina'. The progeny consisted of 156 unique genotypes, along with both parental cultivars. Genomic libraries were constructed using the restriction enzymes PstI and MseI, and paired-end sequencing (2 x 150 bp) was carried out on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The resulting high-quality GBS data were subsequently used to construct high-density genetic maps for each parent, and to perform QTL analyses, with a particular focus on traits related to flowering phenology, such as the full flowering date. These genomic resources and the mapping results of this study are expected to advance our understanding of the genetic basis of flowering date in olive and to support future breeding efforts aimed at enhancing the resilience of the olive tree to warming winters.