Effects of BMPER, CXCL10 and HOXA9 on neovascularization during early-growth stage of primary high-grade glioma

Neovascularization is required in high-grade glioma (HGG). The objective of this study was to explore neovascularization-related genes and their corresponding MRI biomarkers during the early-growth stage of HGG. Tumor tissues from 30 HGG patients underwent perfusion MRI scanning prior to surgery were used to establish orthotopic xenograft models, pathologically analyze the tumor vasculature and perform transcriptome sequencing. The cases were divided into two groups based on whether the xenograft was successfully established. Microvascular density and BMPER, CXCL10 and HOXA9 expression of surgical specimens in the xenograft-forming group was significantly elevated and the microvascular diameter was significantly reduced, In vitro inhibition of BMPER, CXCL10 or HOXA9 in the glioma stem cell significantly suppressed its tube formation abilities. The in vivo experiment showed that BMPER was highly expressed in the early tumor growth phase (20 days), CXCL10 and HOXA9 expression was elevated with tumor progress, and spatially associated with tumor vasculature.