Table 3 in Chemical constituents derived from Artocarpus xanthocarpus as inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis

Table 3 Antioxidant activities and mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory effect of compounds from A. xanthocarpus. a CompoundsSC (µM)b 50IC (µM)b 50DPPHABTS +.O —. 2Tyrosinase1>300>300>30059.3 ± 3.72>300>300ndnd3139.3 ± 6.2>30067.2 ± 8.297.5 ± 1.54140.4 ± 1.783.5 ± 5.849.2 ± 3.3135.3 ± 6.45ndndndnd628.7 ± 1.27.6 ± 0.1nd5.7 ± 0.37>30055.0 ± 8.271.0 ± 4.085.8 ± 0.1847.6 ± 12.7>300>300nd964.3 ± 8.06.5 ± 0.963.3 ± 4.46.4 ± 0.31099.7 ± 2.822.7 ± 0.611.1 ± 0.5247.3 ± 1.511>300>300nd1.9 ± 0.112>300>300>3000.9 ± 0.113>300286.1 ± 15.2ndnd14>30028.0 ± 1.793.6 ± 5.875.0 ± 4.115>300>300nd167.6 ± 5.216>300>300nd58.2 ± 5.117>300>30063.9 ± 1.940.8 ± 1.91818.7 ± 5.560.5 ± 0.1ndnd1986.9 ± 3.350.1 ± 2.2102.1 ± 6.24.9 ± 0.32047.7 ± 3.928.8 ± 0.690.8 ± 0.41.0 ± 0.52138.7 ± 3.034.0 ± 0.6220.2 ± 9.72.5 ± 0.422>300101.9 ± 4.0151.0 ± 10.4239.4 ± 8.4Ascorbic acid c19.9 ± 1.228.2 ± 0.420.6 ± 1.6105.0 ± 3.7Arbutin cndndnd81.8 ± 2.3Kojic acid cndndnd63.7 ± 4.5 Nd: not determined. a The purity of each tested compounds was À 98% according to LC-MS data. Each value represents the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. b SC is the concentration of the compounds required to scavenge 50% of the radicals; IC is the concentration of the compounds required to inhibit 50% of the enzyme; 50 50 nd: not determined due to poor solubility or limited yield. c Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used as positive control of both free radical scavenger and tyrosinase inhibitor and, however, arbutin as well as kojic acid are used as positive controls of tyrosinase inhibitor.