Impact Assessments of Resettlement Implementation on Livelihood After Dam-induced Displacement and Resettlement on Locals

Impact Assessments of Resettlement Implementation on Livelihood After Dam-induced Displacement and Resettlement on Locals; A Case Study of Mwache Dam in Kenya

Hypothesis

1. Late and Inadequate compensation Hypothesis:
The households that received inadequate and late compensation experienced challenges on livelihood restoration than those with timely and adequate compensation.
2. Livelihood Diversification Hypothesis:
The displaced households that transitioned from their various livelihood activities, which were land based reported they experienced much problem in adopting to new livelihood activities in ne settlement areas.

3. Resettlement Implementation Hypothesis:
The resettlement implementation process determined the outcome of livelihood adaptation of displaced households in new settlements areas.

Research Objectives
1. Assess the socio-economic impacts of displacement on livelihood activities.
2. Explore the effectiveness of late and inadequate compensation in resettlement process
3. Evaluate the effectiveness resettlement implementation programs in livelihood restoration.

Data Collection and Methodology

• The study location was Mwche Dam in Kwale County, Kenya.
• The study used stratified random sampling as the primary, proportionate, purposive, and snowball sampling from 4 sub-location.
• The control group was non-displaced households in adjacent villages for comparative analysis.

Data sources
1. Primary Data
a) Observation
• To observe the life of those who were not displaced and those were displaced and resettled.
b) In-depth –interview .
c) Key Informants Interviews
• Key informants were drawn from displaced team leaders, local leaders, government leaders, county leaders, and the resettlement implementation team.

d) Focus Group Discussion
• 10 focus group discussions were held comprising (10-15 people) from 4 sub-location.

2. Secondary Data
The data from articles journals, books, and archival documents like government reports, Mwache RAP reports.

Analytical Methods

• The analytical analysis was by coding in-depth interviews, Kenya informant interviews and focus group discussions responses for recurring themes.
Key Findings
• Size of land owned: The size of land reduced and declined.

• Livelihood activities carried out: The livelihood activities declined
• Monthly income: The income earned declined after resettlement
• Retained Livelihood Activities after Resettlement: The major and backbone livelihood activities like livestock rearing, sand harvesting and quarry activities were unable to be restored in new settlement areas.

How others can use this research
• Researchers: To compare with other various dam projects in Africa and rest of the World.
• Government and Policymakers: To advocate and encourage for better resettlement implantation frameworks in future development induced displacement and resettlement projects.