DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEMS

The increasing demand for reliable and sustainable energy has accelerated the development of hybrid energy systems that integrate renewable and conventional power sources. This study investigates the design and optimization of a hybrid energy system combining solar photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, battery energy storage, and a diesel generator. A simulation-based approach with an hourly time step over one year was employed to evaluate system performance under variable load and renewable resource conditions. Multi-objective optimization techniques were applied to minimize the net present cost and levelized cost of energy while maintaining a high level of system reliability and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The results demonstrate that the optimized hybrid configuration significantly enhances energy reliability, achieves a high renewable energy fraction, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional diesel-based systems. The findings confirm that hybrid energy systems represent a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solution for modern energy challenges, particularly in remote and off-grid regions.