Labour Force Survey 2009-2010 - Pakistan

Abstract
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The main objective of the survey is to collect comprehensive statistics on various dimensions of the country's labour force to pave the way for skills development, planning, employment creation, assessing the role and importance of informal sector and sizing up the volume, characteristics and counters of employment. The broad objectives of the survey are as follows:
- To collect data on the socio-demographic characteristics of the total population i.e. age, sex, marital status, level of education, current enrolment and migration etc;
- To acquire current information on the dimensions of national labour force; i.e. number of persons employed, unemployed, and underemployed or out of labour market;
- To gather descriptive facts on the engagement in major occupational trades and the nature of work undertaken by the institutions/organizations;
- To profile statistics on employment status of the individuals, i.e. whether they are employers, own account workers, unpaid family workers or paid employees (regular/casual);
- To classify non-agricultural enterprises employing household member(s) as formal and informal;
- To quantify the hours worked at main/subsidiary occupations;
- To provide data on wages and mode of payment for paid employees;
- To make an assessment of occupational health and safety of employed persons by causes, type of treatment, conditions that caused the accident/injury and time of recovery; and
- To collect data on the characteristics of unemployed persons i.e. age, sex, level of education, previous experience if any, occupation, industry, employment status related to previous job, waiting time invested in the quest for work, their availability for work and expectations for future employment.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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- Households
- Individuals/ persons aged 10 years and above

Universe
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The universe for Labour Force Survey consistsed of all urban and rural areas of the four provinces of Pakistan defined as such by 1998 Population Census excluding FATA and military restricted areas. The population of excluded areas constitutes about 2% of the total population. The following groups were also excluded non-settled population, persons living in institutions and foreigners.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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Sample Design: A stratified two-stage sample design was adopted for the survey.

Sampling Frame: Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS) has developed its own sampling frame for urban areas. Each city/town is divided into enumeration blocks. Each enumeration block is comprised of 200 to 250 households on the average with well-defined boundaries and maps. The list of enumeration blocks as updated through Economic Census 2003 and the list of villages/mouzas/dehs of 1998 Population Census are taken as sampling frames. Enumeration blocks & villages are considered as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) for urban and rural domains respectively.

Stratification Plan
Urban Domain: Large cities Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan, Sialkot, Sargodha, Bahawalpur, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Peshawar, Quetta and Islamabad were considered as large cities. Each of these cities constituted a separate stratum, further sub-stratified according to low, middle and high income groups based on the information collected in respect of each enumeration block at the time of demarcation/ updating of urban area sampling frame.

Remaining Urban Areas: In all the four provinces after excluding the population of large cities from the population of an administrative division, the remaining urban population was grouped together to form a stratum.

Rural Domain: Each administrative district in the Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) was considered an independent stratum whereas in Balochistan, each administrative division constituted a stratum.

Selection of primary sampling units (PSUs): Enumeration blocks in urban domain and mouzas/dehs/villages in rural were taken as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs). In the urban domain, sample PSUs from each ultimate stratum/sub-stratum were selected with probability proportional to size (PPS) method of sampling scheme. In urban domain, the number of households in an enumeration block as updated through Economic Census 2003 and village population of 1998 Census for rural domain was considered as measure of size.

Selection of secondary sampling units (SSUs): The listed households of sample PSUs were taken as Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs). A specified number of households i.e. 12 from each urban sample PSU, 16 from rural sample PSU are selected with equal probability using systematic sampling technique with a random start.

Sample Size and Its Allocation: A sample of 36400 households was considered appropriate to provide reliable estimates of key labour force characteristics at National/Provincial level. The entire sample of households (SSUs) was drawn from 2576 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) out of which 1204 were urban and 1372 were rural. The overall sample was distributed evenly over four quarters independently. As urban population was more heterogeneous therefore, a higher proportion of sample size was allocated to urban domain. To produce reliable estimates, a higher proportion of sample was assigned to Khyber Pk and Balochistan in consideration to their smallness. After fixing the sample size at provincial level, further distribution of sample PSUs to different strata in rural and urban domains in each province was made proportionately.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The questionnaire consisted of 10 sections.

Cleaning operations
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Soon after data collection, the supervisors edited, checked and cleaned the filled-in questionnaires manually for consistency and completeness and referred back to field where necessary.

Editing and coding was done at headquarter by the subject matter section. Computer edit checks were applied to get even with errors identified at the stage of data entry. The relevant numerical techniques were used to eliminate erroneous data resulting from mistakes made during coding. The survey records were further edited and rectified through a series of computer processing stages.

摘要
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本调查的主要目标是收集关于该国劳动力多维度数据的全面统计，为技能发展、规划、就业创造、评估非正式部门的作用与重要性以及就业量、特征和结构提供依据。调查的总体目标如下：
- 收集关于总人口的社会人口特征数据，即年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育水平、当前入学情况和移民等；
- 获取关于国家劳动力各维度的当前信息，即就业人数、失业人数、未充分就业人数或不在劳动力市场的人数；
- 收集关于主要职业贸易参与情况以及机构/组织所承担工作性质的事实描述；
- 分析个人就业状况，即他们是否为雇主、自营职业者、无偿家庭劳动者或付费员工（正式/非正式）；
- 将雇佣家庭成员的非农业企业分类为正式和非正式；
- 量化主要/次要职业的工作时间；
- 提供关于付费员工的工资和支付方式的数据；
- 评估因原因、治疗方法、导致事故/伤害的条件和恢复时间而对雇员职业健康与安全的影响；
- 收集关于失业人员特征的数据，即年龄、性别、教育水平、如有前工作经验，职业、行业、与先前工作相关的就业状况、寻找工作所投入的等待时间、他们可供工作的时间和未来就业的期望。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖
分析单元
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- 家庭
- 10岁及以上的个人/人员
总体
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劳动力调查的总体包括巴基斯坦四个省份的城市和农村地区，这些地区由1998年人口普查定义为此类，不包括FATA和军事限制区域。被排除地区的总人口约占全国总人口的2%。以下群体也被排除在外，包括非定居人口、居住在机构中的人员和外国人。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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抽样设计：调查采用了分层两阶段样本设计。
抽样框架：联邦统计局（FBS）为城市地区开发了其自己的抽样框架。每个城市/城镇被划分为统计区域。每个统计区域平均包含200到250户家庭，边界和地图清晰可辨。通过2003年经济普查更新的统计区域列表以及1998年人口普查的村庄/ mouzas/dehs 列表被用作抽样框架。统计区域和村庄被视为城市和农村领域的分别的初级抽样单位（PSU）。
分层计划
城市领域：卡拉奇、拉合尔、古杰兰瓦拉、费萨尔巴德、拉瓦尔品第、木尔坦、西亚科特、萨戈达、巴哈瓦尔布尔、海得拉巴、苏库尔、白沙瓦、奎达和伊斯兰堡被视为大城市。这些城市中的每一个都构成一个单独的层，进一步根据每个统计区域在划分/更新城市地区抽样框架时的信息，按照低收入、中等收入和高收入群体进行分层。
剩余城市地区：在四个省份中，排除大型城市后，剩余的城市人口被分组在一起，形成一个层。
农村领域：在旁遮普、信德和开伯尔-普什图（KP）的每个行政地区被视为一个独立的层，而在俾路支斯坦，每个行政地区构成一个层。
初级抽样单位（PSU）的选择：城市领域的统计区域和农村领域的 mouzas/dehs/villages 被视为初级抽样单位（PSU）。在城市领域，使用抽样方案的概率成比例（PPS）方法选择每个最终层/亚层的样本PSU。在城市领域，使用2003年经济普查更新的统计区域中的家庭数量和农村领域1998年普查的村庄人口作为大小的衡量标准。
次级抽样单位（SSU）的选择：样本PSU中的列出家庭被视为次级抽样单位（SSU）。使用系统抽样技术，以相同的概率从每个城市样本PSU中选择指定数量的家庭，即从城市样本PSU中选择12户，从农村样本PSU中选择16户，并使用随机起始点。
样本量和分配：考虑了36400户家庭的样本，以提供关于国家/省级关键劳动力特征可靠估计。整个家庭样本（SSU）是从2576个初级抽样单位（PSU）中抽取的，其中1204个是城市，1372个是农村。整个样本独立地均匀分布在四个季度中。由于城市人口更加异质，因此将更大比例的样本量分配给了城市领域。考虑到其规模较小，将更高比例的样本分配给了开伯尔-普什图和俾路支斯坦，以产生可靠的估计。在省级层面确定样本量后，将样本PSU按比例分配到每个省份农村和城市领域的不同层中。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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问卷由10个部分组成。
清洗操作
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在数据收集后，监督员手动编辑、检查和清洗填写的问卷，以确保一致性、完整性，并在必要时回溯到现场。
编辑和编码在总部由主题部门进行。应用计算机编辑检查以纠正数据输入阶段发现的错误。使用相关的数值技术来消除编码过程中产生的错误数据。通过一系列计算机处理阶段进一步编辑和校正调查记录。