Functional traits of both specific alien species and receptive community but not community diversity determined the invasion success under biotic and abiotic conditions

Biodiversity can provide some resistance to alien species in some cases, but not in others. The observed paradoxical results may be related to several reasons, including variations in abiotic and/or biotic conditions, alien species characteristics, and the fact that the species number cannot adequately reflect native community diversity. A comprehensive study that incorporates these elements is lacking. We constructed invasion systems using nine alien plant species and 12 native communities, composed of two diversity levels (three vs. six species), under different nitrogen (N) and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) inoculation conditions. We used this fully crossed factorial experiment, i.e. N (low vs. high) × native community diversity (three vs. six species) × AMF (with vs. without), to systematically explore the invasion success in native communities. We found that the species number of native communities didn’t affect invasion success under any of the N or AMF conditions. The effect..., Collected from the greenhouse experiments.,