Potato plants in vitro dataset (healthy, phosphorus deficiency, and calcium deficiency)

This dataset comprises images of in vitro–grown potato plants of the Ágata cultivar (Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Ágata). It is one of the outcomes of the undergraduate final project conducted by Rafael Antônio Zanoni, under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Rafael Rieder. The images were manually acquired using a Samsung Galaxy S22+ smartphone equipped with a 50-megapixel main rear camera (f/1.8, 23 mm, 1/1.56", 1.0 µm, Dual Pixel PDAF, OIS). All images were captured in JPEG format at a resolution of 2252 × 4000 pixels. A total of 20 images were captured per plant, considering 90 plants overall. The camera was positioned approximately 20 cm from the plant, using a top-down acquisition angle. Both natural and artificial lighting conditions were varied to enhance image diversity. All images were acquired against a white background. All plants were photographed at an equivalent stage of development. The dataset includes images of healthy plants (644 samples) as well as plants subjected to two controlled nutritional deficiencies: phosphorus (627 samples) and calcium (600 samples).