The Iranian-Soviet Agreements and Treaties in the Proceedings of the Iranian National Consultative Assembly

Iranian-Soviet relations have experienced significant historical turning points, beginning in the 19th century. The relationship was marked by considerable complexity and tension across political, economic, and social fields, including during the Constitutional Movement (1905-1911) when Tsarist Russia opposed constitutional trends and individual freedoms, and later during the reigns of Reza Shah Pahlavi and his son, Mohammad Reza.
Studying the proceedings of the Iranian National Consultative Assembly regarding agreements and treaties with the Soviet Union provides an opportunity to evaluate Iran's foreign policies during that period. Valuable lessons can be drawn about the importance of maintaining balance in international relations, avoiding entanglement in ideological conflicts, and safeguarding national interests. These proceedings also reveal the significant role of legislative institutions in overseeing the implementation of international agreements.
In our research, we highlighted the overall relations, agreements, and treaties between Iran and the Soviet Union in light of the discussions of the Iranian National Consultative Assembly. The Iranian-Soviet relations between 1939 and 1947 pertain to a sensitive period in history, marked by significant political and military developments.
Significance of the Study: Relations between Iran and the Soviet Union began to develop significantly during World War II. Iran faced pressure from major powers, including Britain and the Soviet Union, leading to its occupation by these two powers in 1941. The period witnessed attempts to enhance economic cooperation, with Iran seeking Soviet support in fields such as oil and agriculture.
After the end of World War II, tensions emerged between Iran and the Soviets due to differences in political interests, especially regarding Azerbaijan. These relations influenced Iran's domestic and foreign policy for subsequent decades, contributing to the formation of the Iranian national identity and strengthening the tendency towards independence against foreign intervention.
Scope and Limits of the Study: This research focuses on the agreements and treaties concluded between Iran and the Soviet Union, as documented in the proceedings of the Iranian National Consultative Assembly. Several agreements were signed between the two nations during this period, as both Tehran and Moscow sought to advance their strategic interests. One of the most notable agreements was the 1941 treaty, which emphasized military and economic cooperation between the two sides.
Sources of the Study: The proceedings of the Iranian National Consultative Assembly were used to examine all agreements and treaties concerning Iranian-Soviet relations.