Reptile-associated Salmonella. Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae strain:61:1,v:1,5,(7)

Salmonella. This group of Enterobactericiae have pathogenic characteristics and are one of the most common causes of enteric infections (food poisoning) worldwide. They were named after the scientist Dr. Daniel Salmon who isolated the first organism, Salmonella choleraesuis, from the intestine of a pig. There are now two Salmonella species, Salmonella bongori and Salmonella enterica. Certain serovars of Salmonella enterica are responsible for more serious diseases such as Typhoid fever. The presence of several pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that encode various virulence factors allows Salmonella spp. to colonize and infect host organisms. There are two important PAIs, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that encode two different type III secretion systems for the delivery of effector molecules into the host cell that result in internalization of the bacteria which then leads to systemic spread. Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae 61:1,v:1,5,(7). This organism (also known as Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. strain CDC 01-005 or strain ATCC BAA-639) is a reptile-associated Salmonella sp. that can be transmitted to humans to cause infection. This isolate came from a clinical sample taken from a patient in Indiana, USA.