93 Lighthouses in Portugal with Documented Chronology

The Portuguese lighthouse network constitutes both a maritime navigation safety system and a significant body of technical heritage. This study presents a chronological, typological, and techno-functional analysis of 93 lighthouses with documented chronology, based on public records from the Autoridade Marítima Nacional (AMN), namely its Lighthouse Directorate, and GeoPort. Key variables—including date of establishment, function, tower height, nominal range, light characteristics, and technological milestones such as electrification, automation, remote control, solar energy adoption, and LED implementation—support the identification of long-term evolutionary patterns.