Genomic data from Gentoo penguin (<em>Pygoscelis papua</em>).

The Gentoo penguin is easily recognized by the wide white stripe extending across the top of its head, and its bright orange-red bill. It has a long tail. Gentoos are the third-largest species of penguin after the Emperor penguin and the King penguin. Gentoos are well adapted to extremely cold and harsh climates. Breeding colonies are located on ice-free surfaces. Gentoos breed on many sub-Antarctic islands, with main colonies are on the Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and Kerguelen Islands. Gentoo penguins exhibit population genetic structure, and different populations are occasionally considered to represent several subspecies. They are considered as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).<br>We sequenced the genome of an adult Gentoo penguin from West Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica (provided by Tom Hart) to a depth of approximately 105x with short reads from a series of libraries with various insert sizes (250bp-20Kb). The assembled scaffolds of high quality sequences total 1.26Gb, with the contig and scaffold N50 values of 91.59Kb and 2.65Mb respectively. We identified 16698 protein-coding genes.巴布亚企鹅(Gentoo penguin)凭借头顶延伸的宽阔白色条纹与亮橙红色喙部，辨识度极高，同时拥有修长的尾羽。它们是仅次于帝企鹅(Emperor penguin)与王企鹅(King penguin)的第三大企鹅物种。巴布亚企鹅高度适应极端寒冷严苛的气候，繁殖群落均建于无冰区域。该物种的繁殖地遍布众多亚南极岛屿，主要繁殖群落位于福克兰群岛、南乔治亚岛、南桑威奇群岛以及凯尔盖朗群岛。巴布亚企鹅存在种群遗传结构，不同种群偶尔被划分为多个亚种。世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)将其评估为无危(Least Concern)物种。<br>本研究对采自南极洲南极半岛西部的一只成年巴布亚企鹅(由汤姆·哈特(Tom Hart)提供)进行了全基因组测序，通过一系列插入片段长度为250bp至20Kb的文库获得短读长测序(short reads)数据，测序深度约为105×。最终组装得到的高质量支架序列总长度达1.26Gb，重叠群N50(contig N50)与支架N50(scaffold N50)值分别为91.59Kb与2.65Mb。本研究共鉴定出16698个蛋白质编码基因。