Vehicle-to-Infrastructure IEEE 802.11ad Wi-Fi dataset

1. Introduction

This dataset contains space and time-indexed data collected in a Vehicle-To-Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenario, where a moving vehicle downloaded data from a stationary Access Point (AP) using IEEE 802.11ad Wi-Fi.

The dataset is comprised of both throughput data and detailed frame information captured with tcpdump. It can be used to study 802.11ad's behavior in vehicular environments, in particular in what pertains to antenna sector selection.

This dataset is associated with the following article, which we recommend consulting for more information: Geolocation-based Sector Selection for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure 802.11ad Communication, Mateus Mattos, António Rodrigues, Rui Meireles, Ana Aguiar, in the Elsevier Journal of Computer Communications, Volume 193, ISSN 0140-3664, 2022, doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2022.07.005.

2. Experimental setup

The AP was placed at the corner of a residential-area intersection while a mobile client vehicle drove around it, downloading data from the AP.

Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) TP-Link Talon AD7200 were used for both the stationary AP and mobile client. A third AD7200 configured in promiscuous mode was placed next to the mobile client, in order to capture the control frames being exchanged.

2.1 Experimental nodes

MAC address
Role
Position
Orientation

70:4f:57:72:b2:52
AP
Static, latitude: 41.111879, longitude: -8.631146, mounted of top of a parked vehicle
Perpendicular to road

50:c7:bf:97:8a:ac
Client
Mobile, mounted on roof of client vehicle
Towards front of vehicle

50:c7:bf:3c:53:1c
Monitor
Mobile, mounted on roof of client vehicle
Towards front of vehicle

3. Trace description

The data is divided into traces. Each trace represents an uninterrupted period of data collection. The experiments were ran twice, once in 2020, and again in 2021. Environmental conditions, such as weather and topography, were consistent between the two experiment sets.

3.1 2020 traces

Trace #
Start timestamp
End timestamp
Mobility pattern

235
1593946456
1593946593
Vehicle moving eastwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

237
1593946793
1593946908
Vehicle moving westwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

238
1593946938
1593947076
Vehicle moving eastwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

240
1593947181
1593947332
Vehicle moving westwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

241
1593947360
1593947499
Vehicle moving eastwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

242
1593947566
1593947700
Vehicle moving westwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

243
1593947759
1593947915
Vehicle moving southwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

244
1593947971
1593948111
Vehicle moving southwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

245
1593948210
1593948348
Vehicle moving southwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

246
1593948433
1593948569
Vehicle moving northwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

247
1593948631
1593948795
Vehicle moving northwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

248
1593948904
1593949053
Vehicle moving northwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed

249
1593949307
1593950016
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection, medium speed (see file driving-circuit.gif)

250
1593950073
1593950643
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection, medium speed (see file driving-circuit.gif)

251
1593950682
1593951240
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection, medium speed (see file driving-circuit.gif)

3.2 2021 traces

Trace #
Start timestamp
End timestamp
Mobility pattern

201
1632244398
1632244548
Vehicle moving eastwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

202
1632244563
1632244663
Vehicle moving westwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

203
1632244674
1632244799
Vehicle moving southwards from AP and back, then westwards and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

204
1632244812
1632244915
Vehicle moving northwards from AP and back, then westwards and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

206
1632245138
1632245346
Vehicle moving eastwards from AP and back, then westwards and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

207
1632245355
1632245463
Vehicle moving southwards from AP and back, then westwards and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

208
1632245472
1632245581
Vehicle moving northwards from AP and back, then westwards and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

209
1632245592
1632245790
Vehicle moving southwards from AP and back, northwards from AP and back, then westwards and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

210
1632245798
1632245987
Vehicle moving eastwards from AP and back, straight line, low speed (see file driving-patterns-by-trace-2021.pdf)

302
1632335672
1632336273
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

303
1632336286
1632336870
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

401
1634983869
1634984363
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

402
1634984410
1634984881
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

403
1634984908
1634985562
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

404
1634985666
1634986835
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

405
1634986980
1634988303
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

406
1634988352
1634989470
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

407
1634989490
1634990434
Vehicle driving circuit around the intersection (see file driving-circuit.gif), medium speed

4. Data description

4.1 File structure

The data from the 2020 and 2021 sets of experiments can be found in subfolders 2020 and 2021, respectively.

Each subfolder constains the following:

gps.csv: client vehicle mobility trace;

thrghpt.csv: application throughput data;

wifi.csv: summarized 802.11ad frame data;

pcap/: contains raw .pcap files used to generate wifi.csv, separated by trace number;

configs/: includes JSON file with fields and filters used by tshark for the generation of wifi.csv.

4.2 GPS data: gps.csv

GPS data was captured by a high-accuracy GPS device: Trimble Pro Series 6H [link], and consists of a combination of fields provided by multiple NMEA GP* sentence codes, namely: GPRMC, GPGGA, GPGLL, and GNGSA [link].

Column description

gps.csv is a table with the following columns:

Column
Description

timestamp
UNIX system timestamp at which GPS sentence was recorded, in seconds

lat
Latitude, in decimal degrees

lon
Longitude, in decimal degrees

alt
Altitude, in meters

speed
Ground speed, in knots

HDOP
Horizontal dilution of precision

PDOP
Position dilution of precision

VDOP
Vertical dilution of precision

heading
Direction of movement as provided by GPS device, in clockwise degrees from north

identifier
NMEA sentence code, e.g., GPRMC

gpstime
Timestamp as provided by GPS device, in seconds

Note: Because each GPS sentence only contains a subset of the listed columns, any missing values are set to -1.0.

4.3 Application layer throughput : thrghpt.csv

Data was sent from a custom sender application running on the AP, at the maximum possible rate. A custom receiver application on the client vehicle consumes the data. A time-indexed log of the amount of data sent and received was recorded.

Column description

thrghpt.csv is a table with the following columns:

column
description

timestamp
UNIX system timestamp the throughput record pertains to

pckt_cntr
Number of packets received within the current record

byte_cntr
Number of bytes received within the current record

elapsed_time
Time elapsed since previous throughput record

thrghpt
Throughput for the current record, in in Megabit per second (Mbps)

inter_arrival_avg
Average inter-packet arrival time during the recording period, in seconds

diff_local_avg
Average delta between the timestamp recorded in the packet's payload (set by the sender) and the local timestamp in the receiver, in microseconds

trace_nr
Trace number the throughput data is associated with

4.4 802.11ad frame data: wifi.csv

The wifi.csv file contains 802.11ad frame data, captured with tcpdump, on a Talon AD7200 router configured in promiscuous mode and colocated with the mobile client device.

Data collection and processing

The following tcpdump command was used to collect raw data frames:

tcpdump -B 100000 -s96 -i -y IEEE802_11_RADIO -w &

In order to create wifi.csv, the raw data frames were processed using tshark in order to filter out unnecessary information. More specifically, we ran the following command:

tshark -r -2 -T fields -Y "" -E header=y -E separator=, -E quote=d -E occurrence=f

The raw input .pcap files for each trace are provided in the pcap/ folder. The parameters and represent the filtering conditions and what fields we want to extract from each frame, respectively. The actual values used are provided in the configs/tshark.json file.

Frames were filtered based on a single field: the WLAN frame type and subtype, or wlan.fc.type_subtype. Only the following types of frames were kept:

Frame type/subtype value
Description

0x0000
Association request

0x0001
Association response

0x0002
Re-association request

0x0003
Re-association response

0x000a
Disassociation

0x000b
Authentication

0x000c
De-authentication

0x0019
Block ACKs

0x001d
Clear-to-send

0x0028
QoS data

0x0030
DMG beacon

0x0164
Grant

0x0167
Grant ACK

0x0168
SLS

0x0169
SLS feedback

0x016a
SLS feedback ACK

Column description

wifi.csv is a table with the following columns:

Column
Description

frame.time_epoch
UNIX timestamp of frame capture, in seconds (with microsecond resolution)

frame.number
Ordinal number attributed to captured frame

frame.len
Frame length, in bytes

ip.src
Source IP address

ip.dst
Destination IP address

ip.flags
IP flags

ip.frag_offset
IP fragmentation offset

ip.hdr_len
IP header length

ip.id
IP identification field

ip.proto
IP protocol field

ip.reassembled_in
Frame number in which IP packet is reassembled

radiotap.channel.flags.2ghz
1 if channel frequency is in 2.4 GHz range, 0 otherwise

radiotap.channel.flags.5ghz
1 if channel frequency is in 5 GHz range, 0 otherwise

radiotap.channel.freq
Channel frequency (60480 Hz in this case)

radiotap.length
IEEE 802.11 radiotap capture header length

radiotap.mcs.index
Modulation Coding Scheme index

udp.srcport
UDP source port

udp.dstport
UDP destination port

wlan.ba.bm
Block ACK bitmap

wlan.bf
Full beamforming field of WLAN frame

wlan.bf.isInit
Whether or not frame is SLS initiator

wlan.bf.isResp
Whether or not frame is SLS responder

wlan.bf.num_dmg_ants
Number of DMG antennas

wlan.bf.num_sectors
Number of SLS sectors

wlan.bf.train
Whether or not frame is part of SLS training

wlan.fc.retry
Whether WLAN frame is re-transmitted

wlan.fc.type_subtype
WLAN frame type and subtype

wlan.fixed.ssc.sequence
WLAN starting sequence number

wlan.fixed.timestamp
WLAN timestamp

wlan.frag
WLAN fragment number

wlan.ta
WLAN transmitter MAC address

wlan.ra
WLAN receiver MAC address

wlan.seq
WLAN frame sequence number

wlan.ssw
Full Sector-level Sweep (SLS) field of WLAN frame

wlan.ssw.cdown
SLS countdown (CDOWN) number

wlan.ssw.direction
SLS direction (0: frame sent by SLS initiator, 1: by SLS responder)

wlan.ssw.sector_id
ID of sector used for SLS frame

wlan.sswf
Full SLS feedback field of WLAN frame

wlan.sswf.sector_select
SLS Feedback Sector Select

wlan.sswf.snr_report
SLS Feedback SNR Report

wlan_radio.11n.mcs_index
WLAN MCS index

wlan_radio.channel
WLAN channel

wlan_radio.data_rate
WLAN data rate

wlan_radio.duration
WLAN frame duration

wlan_radio.frequency
WLAN channel frequency

wlan_radio.noise_dbm
WLAN noise level, in dBm

wlan_radio.phy
WLAN PHY type

wlan_radio.preamble
WLAN preamble

wlan_radio.signal_dbm
WLAN signal strength, in dBm

wlan_radio.timestamp
WLAN TSF timestamp

data.text
Data enclosed in WLAN data frame

trace_nr
Number of the trace the frame is associated with