Time series flood mapping using the Copernicus dataset in Google Earth Engine of Mountainous Region

Floods are a major challenge in a mountainous country like Nepal due to complex topography, high snowmelt, and unpredictable monsoon rainfall. This requires an urgent need to develop high-resolution flooded and non-flooded datasets. In this study, high-resolution Copernicus optical imageries from 2019 to 2023. The dataset was created using the spectral curve normalized difference vegetation index and applying varying threshold values to develop the flooded and non-flooded regions in different topographical regions. The data was processed using Google Earth Engine in the monsoon composite by cloud masking, and filling was performed. The different thresholds help to delaminate the flooded and non-flooded regions better. This dataset will be applicable in different assessments such as the application of machine learning for early warning for mountainous regions. Identifying the flooded and non-flooded regions will help in developing risk-sensitive land use planning and developing managed settlement plans. The natural-based mitigation strategies can be developed in frequently flooded regions. For more detailed visit: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.112010