Data_Sheet_1_Impact of Prolonged COVID-19 Lockdown on Body Mass Index, Eating Habits, and Physical Activity of University Students in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study.PDF

ObjectivesThis current study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with body mass index (BMI), dietary patterns, and the extent of physical activities among university students following the prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in Bangladesh.MethodsA cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted between July 10 to August 10, 2021, through a pre-designed Google Form to collect the data from Bangladeshi university students (age: ≥18 years). Informed consent was electronically obtained from each participant, and a simple snowball technique was employed during the sampling. Frequency and percentage distribution, paired t-test, chi-square [χ2] test, and multinomial and binary logistic regression analyses were consecutively applied to analyze the collected data.ResultsAmong the total participants (n = 1,602), 45.1% were female and 55.6% were 22–25 years' age group students. The BMI (mean ± standard deviation, SD) during the COVID-19 lockdown was 23.52 ± 7.68 kg/m2, which was 22.77 ± 4.11 kg/m2 during the pre-lockdown period (mean difference = 0.753; p < 0.001). The multinomial logistic regression analysis found a significant impact of gender [male vs. female: adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.448; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.022, 2.053; p = 0.037], age (years) (25: RRR =0.389, 95% CI = 0.213,0.710; p = 0.002, and 22–25 vs. >25: RRR = 0.473, 95% CI = 0.290, 0.772; p = 0.003), monthly family income (BDT) (50,000: RRR = 0.525, 95% CI = 0.334,0.826; p = 0.005), university type (public vs. private: RRR = 0.540, 95% CI = 0.369, 0.791; p = 0.002), eating larger meals/snacks (increased vs. unchanged: RRR = 2.401, 95% CI = 1.597, 3.610; p < 0.001 and decreased vs. unchanged: RRR = 1.893, 95% CI = 1.218, 2.942; p = 0.005), and verbally or physically abuse (yes vs. no: RRR = 1.438, 95% CI = 0.977, 2.116; p = 0.066) on obesity during COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, the female students and those who have constant eating habits, were more likely to be underweight. Additionally, the binary logistic regression analysis found that the students from private universities [others vs. private: adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.461, 95% CI = 0.313, 0.680; p < 0.001], urban areas (urban vs. rural: AOR = 1.451, 95% CI = 1.165, 1.806; p = 0.001), wealthier families (50,000 BDT: AOR = 0.727, 95% CI = 0.540, 0.979; p = 0.036), and who were taking larger meals/snacks (increased vs. unchanged: AOR = 2.806, 95% CI = 2.190, 3.596; p < 0.001) and had conflicts/arguments with others (no vs. yes: AOR = 0.524, 95% CI = 0.418, 0.657; p < 0.001), were significantly more physically inactive. Finally, the level of education and smoking habits significantly influenced the eating habits of university students during the extended strict lockdown in Bangladesh.ConclusionThe current findings would be helpful tools and evidence for local and international public health experts and policymakers to reverse these worsening effects on students mediated by the prolonged lockdown. Several effective plans, programs, and combined attempts must be earnestly implemented to promote a smooth academic and daily life.

本研究旨在评估在孟加拉国长期实施的新冠肺炎疾病2019（COVID-19）封锁后，大学生群体中体重指数（BMI）、饮食习惯以及体力活动强度的普遍情况及其相关因素。研究方法为在2021年7月10日至8月10日期间，通过预先设计的Google表格进行横断面网络调查，收集18岁及以上孟加拉国大学生的相关数据。每位参与者均通过电子方式获得知情同意，采样过程中采用了简单的滚雪球技术。对收集到的数据进行了频率和百分比分布、配对t检验、卡方检验（χ2检验）以及多项和二元逻辑回归分析。研究结果发现，在总计1602名参与者中，女性占比45.1%，22至25岁年龄组的学生占比55.6%。在COVID-19封锁期间，BMI（均值±标准差，SD）为23.52±7.68 kg/m2，而在封锁前期为22.77±4.11 kg/m2（均值差异=0.753；p<0.001）。多项逻辑回归分析显示，性别（男性 vs. 女性：调整后的相对风险比（RRR）=1.448；95%置信区间（CI）=1.022, 2.053；p=0.037）、年龄（年）（25岁：RRR=0.389，95% CI=0.213,0.710；p=0.002，以及22-25岁 vs. >25岁：RRR=0.473，95% CI=0.290, 0.772；p=0.003）、月家庭收入（孟加拉塔卡，BDT）（50,000：RRR=0.525，95% CI=0.334,0.826；p=0.005）、大学类型（公立 vs. 私立：RRR=0.540，95% CI=0.369,0.791；p=0.002）、进食较大餐食/小吃（增加 vs. 无变化：RRR=2.401，95% CI=1.597, 3.610；p<0.001和减少 vs. 无变化：RRR=1.893，95% CI=1.218, 2.942；p=0.005）以及言语或身体虐待（是 vs. 否：RRR=1.438，95% CI=0.977, 2.116；p=0.066）对COVID-19大流行期间的肥胖有显著影响。此外，女性学生和那些保持稳定饮食习惯的人更有可能体重不足。此外，二元逻辑回归分析发现，来自私立大学的学生[其他 vs. 私立：调整后的优势比（AOR）=0.461，95% CI=0.313, 0.680；p<0.001]、城市地区（城市 vs. 农村地区：AOR=1.451，95% CI=1.165, 1.806；p=0.001）、富裕家庭（50,000 BDT：AOR=0.727，95% CI=0.540, 0.979；p=0.036）、进食较大餐食/小吃（增加 vs. 无变化：AOR=2.806，95% CI=2.190, 3.596；p<0.001）以及与他人有冲突/争论（无 vs. 有：AOR=0.524，95% CI=0.418, 0.657；p<0.001）的学生显著缺乏体力活动。最后，教育水平和吸烟习惯显著影响了在孟加拉国长期严格封锁期间大学生的饮食习惯。结论：当前的研究成果将成为当地和国际公共卫生专家及政策制定者反击因长期封锁而加剧的学生健康状况恶化影响的有力工具和证据。必须真诚实施多个有效计划、项目及综合尝试，以促进学生学术生活和日常生活的平稳进行。